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Before we explain the types of glaucoma, there is a definition that you need to know. In the eyes, there is a trabeculacus, which acts as a drain from the water from the eyes. If the trabecular line is well opened, it is classified as open-angle glaucoma, and if it is closed, it is classified as closed-angle glaucoma.
Primary open-angle glaucoma is a type of glaucoma that occurs in Korea. Primary refers to an unexplained disease that occurs on its own and not from any other secondary cause. There are two types of primary open angle glaucoma: ocular pressure and normocular pressure glaucoma, but normal intraocular pressure primary open angle glaucoma is more common.
It is a glaucoma that causes acute increased intraocular pressure and causes symptoms such as eye pain, headache, and nausea.
This is the case when you are born without trabecular lines.
Secondary glaucoma is a type of glaucoma that occurs when the trabecular line becomes blocked due to other causes. There are neovascular glaucoma, which is caused by bad blood vessels in the trabecular column, false scaly glaucoma, which is caused by the accumulation of bad proteins, steroid glaucoma, which is caused by the accumulation of steroids, and anterior angular retraction glaucoma, which is caused by external pressure.
It is normal for a person's eye to gradually decline in visual acuity as they age. However, in the case of glaucoma, vision declines more rapidly because the optic nerve dies. Therefore, the goal of all glaucoma treatments is to lower the intraocular pressure so that the rate at which vision deteriorates is more gentle and that the deterioration of vision does not cause discomfort in daily life.
Depending on the type of glaucoma, the treatment also varies. It can be broadly divided into drug treatment, laser treatment, and surgical treatment. The treatment can be used alone or in combination.
First, medication
In the case of drug treatment, eye drops are used to reduce intraocular pressure by applying eye drops once to several times a day. More than one drug may be used. It is used as the first-line treatment in cases of primary open-angle glaucoma.
Second, laser treatment
Laser therapy is primarily used to treat closed-angle glaucoma or open-angle glaucoma that does not respond to drug treatment. It shoots a laser at the intraocular structure to change the structure within the eye and lower the intraocular pressure.
Third, surgical treatment
Surgical treatment is usually performed when medication or laser treatment is not possible, or when all treatments have been carried out but additional intraocular pressure reduction is required. It is a treatment based on the principle of creating a passage in the eye to make it waterproof.
Is there a case for glaucoma to progress rapidly?
Every glaucoma progresses at a different pace. Even if the diagnosis is the same, it depends on individual factors such as intraocular pressure and eye condition.
First, glaucoma with high intraocular pressure
In the case of glaucoma, which is a high intraocular pressure, the force on the eye is strong, so the damage is faster in the end.
Second, glaucoma associated with retinal disease
Glaucoma associated with retinal disease often has a poor prognosis. The prognosis for neovascular glaucoma, which occurs when the eye is damaged due to the formation of many bad blood vessels due to complications of diabetes, or when a large blood vessel in the retina is blocked, has a very poor prognosis.
Third, false scale syndrome
In the case of false scale syndrome, which is a glaucoma caused by a large buildup of protein around the eye, the disease also progresses rapidly.
Fourth, glaucoma that is already very advanced
If you come to the clinic with clear symptoms, you most likely have moderate to severe glaucoma. In cases where the disease has already progressed, vision impairment often progresses rapidly despite various treatments.
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