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Osteoporosis is a condition in which bone becomes punctured due to a decrease in bone mass, and bones become weak, making it more susceptible to fractures. It is a disease that can naturally occur with age, and especially in women, bone mass decreases rapidly below the fracture threshold* due to rapid bone loss due to the decrease in female hormones after menopause, so it is important to pay attention to bone health and prevent it in advance.
The prevalence of osteoporosis in women (37.5%) over the age of 50 is four times that of men (7.5%), with 1 in 3 women suffering from osteoporosis. As a preventive measure, it is necessary to modify lifestyle habits such as smoking and drinking, and to avoid starving yourself on a drastic diet.
The criteria for diagnosing osteoporosis are as follows:
1. Women over 65 years of age and men over 70 years of age
2. Women under the age of 65 with high-risk factors*
There are five main types of drugs used to treat osteoporosis.
Although it is used in supplement form, it is essential and works well when taken as a preventive.
As a selective estrogen receptor modulator, it can be used in postmenopausal female patients.
Bone resorption inhibitors, such as bisphosphonates and calcitonin, have been the most commonly used and are used to treat osteoporosis. Nowadays, it has been shown that the use of bone resorption inhibitors for maintenance after using the following osteogenesis stimulants for about 1 year is effective.
Side effects include necrosis of the jaw and atypical fractures of the femur during dental treatment. Therefore, it is recommended to have a rest period after 3-5 years of use.
Osteogenesis stimulants, which are parathyroid hormone drugs, are a treatment for osteoporosis that can prevent the side effects of previous bone resorption inhibitors. For patients with very severe osteoporosis, it is recommended to switch to osteogenesis stimulants rather than bone resorption inhibitors.
Monoclonal antibody preparations such as demozumab and lomosozumab are treatments that can be used when bone resorption inhibitors or osteogenesis stimulants are ineffective and have the advantage of not having significant side effects
If a young woman in her 30s develops osteoporosis, she may have other conditions as secondary osteoporosis*. There may be a causative disease such as rheumatism, so it is necessary to undergo tests and treat according to the results.
*T-score: Bone densitometry result
*Secondary osteoporosis: When osteoporosis is caused by a disease or drug
Orthopedics, endocrinology, and obstetrics and gynecology all treat osteoporosis. However, the numerical values measured may vary depending on the hospital, so it is recommended to choose one hospital and go to a hospital that you can visit frequently to avoid the risk of errors. This is because the difference between where the inspection is least precise and where it is most accurate can be quite significant.
Risk factors for osteoporosis include menopause and senility in the case of primary osteoporosis, and there is a clear causative disease in the case of secondary osteoporosis. Osteoporosis can be caused by hereditary factors such as the mother's history of fractures, lifestyle habits such as smoking, excessive drinking, and low weight, diseases such as hyperthyroidism, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic kidney failure, and type 1 diabetes, and the use of drugs such as steroids, anticoagulants, and anticancer drugs. Therefore, it is possible that osteoporosis may have been caused by drugs such as anticancer drugs used during breast cancer treatment.
A 40-year-old man is a young man and is not prone to osteoporosis, but it is likely that osteoporosis was developed by long-term steroid intake. If you have a bone density test and your level is not worse than -2.5, you may have osteopenia* and you can manage it by taking calcium and Bitiman D, but if your level is -2.5 or higher, you have osteoporosis and should be treated.
*Osteopenia: A condition in which bone matrix and minerals decrease and the microstructure that maintains bone shape is damaged.
Risk factors for osteoporosis are associated with low birth weight and are not significantly associated with obesity.
If you have a sore leg, it may be related to a herniated disc, and if so, it may be related to obesity.
It is not to be taken for life, and after taking it for 1 year, the bone density test is redone and the bone density level is found to be -2.5 or higher, and the medication can be discontinued. However, you should continue to take vitamin D and calcium.
Q.Does milk help with osteoporosis?
It does not work as a treatment for osteoporosis, but it is recommended to take it because it is rich in vitamin D and calcium.
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