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What are the diseases of the gallbladder?
Western eating habits are believed to be the biggest cause of the outbreak. In Asian countries, it is about 5%, but in the United States, Europe, etc., it is 10~20%, and in Africa, it is almost 65%. While there may be differences by ethnicity, it is believed that dietary habits also have a clear influence. Gallbladder disease, which was originally common in middle-aged people, can also be inferred from the fact that it has recently been found in young people in South Korea.
Gallstones can be broadly divided into two types: cholesterol stones and pigmentation stones
The first, cholesterol stones. Common causes include:
- Fatty diets, high-calorie, high-fat diets
- 40s
- Pregnancy/taking oral contraceptives
- Starvation and drastic diets
Second, there are pigmentation stones. The causes of pigmented stones are a little different from cholesterol stones. They are as follows:
- Chronic hemolytic disease
- Biliary tract infections
- Internal diseases e.g. Crohn's disease
It is a squeezing pain in the upper right abdomen and is characterized by a long duration, up to 6 hours. Radiating pain occurs in the shoulders and back, and there is no reaction to gastrointestinal medications or antacids. After a certain period of time, it will improve on its own, but once the pain occurs, it will recur in more than 80% of cases within 1~2 years.
Complications such as acute cholecystitis, acute glycoliveritis, and acute pancreatitis may occur.
Diagnosis of cholelithiasis is most accurate by abdominal ultrasound. Abdominal ultrasound has the advantages of having a diagnosis rate of more than 95% for cholelithiasis, not using contrast media, and being accessible because it can be done at the primary clinic. However, the disadvantage is that it requires fasting and it is difficult to identify deep organs such as the pancreas and biliary tract.
Abdominal CT can also be diagnosed. Interestingly, abdominal CT is less visible than ultrasound. In particular, less than 50% of cholesterol stones are found.
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You may need a prophylactic cholecystectomy if: 1. If you have symptoms caused by cholelithiasis
Pain, cholecystitis, chronic digestive disorders that affect the liver, pancreas, or biliary tract
2. The occurrence of complications related to gallstones In case of complications such as cholecystitis, biliary stones, cholangitis, pancreatitis, etc.
3. If you have risk factors* for gallbladder cancer There are three types of cholecystectomy: open, laparoscopic, and umbilical single-channel robotic surgery, but the limitation is that umbilical single-channel robotic surgery is not covered by insurance.
There are three main symptoms that can occur after cholecystectomy. 1. Indigestion and abdominal pain
You will be fine within 1~2 weeks after surgery, but you should be careful because indigestion will get worse if you eat too much.
2. Change bowel habits
Unconcentrated bile comes out, resulting in frequent trips to the bathroom, soft stools, and diarrhea.
3. Gastroesophageal reflux
It is a reflux of bile into the stomach that disappears spontaneously within 3-6 months after resection. *Risk factors for gallbladder cancer:
1. If you have gallbladder stones larger than 3 cm or gallbladder polyps larger than 1 cm
Due to the possibility of malignancy, early resection is required 2. Apprenticeship gallbladder If the gallbladder wall is calcified and appears white at the time of observation 3. Primary sclerosing cholangitis This disease is an autoimmune disease* in which inflammation of the bile ducts becomes chronic, causing fibrosis of the bile duct wall, thickening of the bile duct wall, resulting in narrowing of the bile ducts or narrowing of the bile ducts. 4. Cholangiopancreatic duct confluence abnormalities*/Gallbladder biliary malformations 5. Older people, women Statistically, many studies have shown that older people and women have a higher risk of gallbladder cancer. |
Q.Is there anything I can't eat if my gallbladder is removed?
No. The gallbladder is gone, but the bile continues to be secreted, so there is nothing you can't eat.
Q.Does obesity cause a lot of gallbladder disease?
I do. If you are obese and have high cholesterol levels, you are more likely to develop gallbladder diseases such as cholesterol stones.
Although cholecystic adenomyomatosis is not cancerous, it is virtually impossible to distinguish it from cancer by ultrasound.
Q.Is gallbladder cancer difficult to detect at an early stage like pancreatic cancer?
Yes yes. Since there are no special symptoms other than dyspepsia in most cases, it is usually found in an advanced stage when both the liver and biliary tract have been involved.
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